Flutamide
Flutamide is a nonsteroidal antiandrogen medication primarily used to treat prostate cancer. It functions by competitively inhibiting the effects of androgens (male sex hormones, such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone or DHT) at the androgen receptor in target tissues, effectively blocking their action.
Mechanism of Action: Flutamide binds to androgen receptors in the prostate gland and other tissues, preventing androgens from binding and triggering their normal cellular responses. This effectively deprives prostate cancer cells of the hormones they need to grow and proliferate.
Uses:
- Prostate Cancer: Flutamide is most commonly used in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer, usually in combination with a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist or surgical castration. This combination therapy, known as combined androgen blockade (CAB), aims to achieve a more complete suppression of androgen levels.
- Hirsutism in Women (Off-Label): Less commonly, flutamide has been used off-label to treat hirsutism (excessive hair growth) in women, as it can reduce the effects of androgens that contribute to this condition.
Administration: Flutamide is administered orally, typically in tablet form. Dosage and duration of treatment are determined by a physician based on individual patient needs and medical history.
Side Effects: Common side effects of flutamide can include:
- Gynecomastia (breast enlargement in men)
- Breast tenderness
- Hot flashes
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Liver dysfunction (in rare cases)
- Decreased libido
- Impotence
Contraindications and Precautions: Flutamide is contraindicated in patients with severe liver impairment. Caution is advised in patients with a history of liver disease. Liver function tests should be monitored regularly during flutamide therapy. It is also contraindicated in women who are or may become pregnant.
Drug Interactions: Flutamide may interact with other medications, including warfarin (a blood thinner). Patients should inform their physician of all medications they are taking before starting flutamide therapy.
Brand Names: Examples of brand names under which flutamide has been marketed include Eulexin.
Further Research: Patients and healthcare professionals should consult with a qualified medical provider for complete and up-to-date information regarding flutamide.