End Around (submarine tactic)

The "End Around" is a submarine tactic used to gain a tactical advantage over a surface escort or another submarine. It involves the attacking submarine maneuvering outside of the direct line-of-sight or sonar range of the target, typically by using depth and speed to reposition laterally. The goal is to achieve a more favorable firing position, regain the initiative in an engagement, or avoid detection.

The tactic's effectiveness relies on the submarine's ability to exploit environmental factors such as temperature gradients, salinity layers, and bottom topography to mask its movements. By operating outside the target's primary detection cone, the submarine can reduce its risk of being detected while simultaneously setting up for a surprise attack.

Successful execution of an "End Around" requires precise navigation, a thorough understanding of the underwater environment, and skillful use of the submarine's sensors. It's a complex maneuver often employed in situations where a direct approach would be too risky or ineffective. The end around isn't just about positioning; it is used to create confusion and uncertainty for the adversary. The execution of an end around maneuver can require a significant expenditure of energy and thus is typically reserved for scenarios where a tactical advantage is likely to be gained.