Cuscomys

Cuscomys is a genus of South American rodents in the family Abrocomidae. These rodents are commonly known as vizcacha rats. The genus currently includes two recognized species:

• Cuscomys ashaninka Emmons, 1999 - Asháninka Arboreal Mouse
• Cuscomys oblativa Eaton, 1916 - Machu Picchu Arboreal Mouse

Cuscomys species are relatively large rodents, adapted to an arboreal or semi-arboreal lifestyle in mountainous regions of Peru. They are characterized by their soft, dense fur, long bushy tails, and relatively small ears. These animals are primarily herbivorous, feeding on leaves, stems, and possibly fruits.

The conservation status of Cuscomys species varies. Cuscomys oblativa was thought to be extinct for many years, until its rediscovery in 2009. Cuscomys ashaninka is also considered rare and potentially threatened due to habitat loss and fragmentation. Further research is needed to fully understand the distribution, ecology, and threats facing these poorly known rodents.