Cnemides

Cnemides (Ancient Greek: κνημῖδες) refers to greaves, a type of armour used to protect the lower legs. Cnemides were typically made of bronze, but examples of iron and other materials have also been found. They were commonly worn by soldiers in ancient Greece, particularly hoplites, to shield their shins from blows during combat.

Cnemides usually consisted of two separate pieces of metal shaped to fit the contours of the lower leg, covering the area from the ankle to below the knee. They were often held in place by straps or leather linings. Styles varied over time and location, with some cnemides being highly decorated while others were more utilitarian in design.

The use of cnemides provided significant protection in close-quarters combat, deflecting blows from swords, spears, and other weapons aimed at the legs. They were an important component of a hoplite's panoply (full armour). Archaeological finds and depictions in ancient art, such as pottery and sculptures, provide valuable insights into the appearance and use of cnemides throughout antiquity. Their form evolved throughout history, and regional variations are observable in terms of decoration, articulation, and method of attachment.