Clianthus

Clianthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae (legumes), native to New Zealand. Commonly known as kakabeak (kaka beak) or lobster claw, due to the distinctive shape of their flowers, these plants are popular as ornamental shrubs or climbers.

Description:

Clianthus species are typically evergreen shrubs or vines, often with pinnate leaves consisting of multiple leaflets. The defining characteristic of the genus is its showy, claw-shaped flowers, which are typically red but can also be pink, orange, or white depending on the species or cultivar. The flowers are borne in clusters (racemes) and are a significant nectar source for native birds. The plants produce seed pods containing numerous seeds.

Species:

The genus Clianthus has historically included several species, but taxonomic revisions have reduced the number of generally accepted species. The two most well-known are:

• Clianthus puniceus (red kakabeak): Formerly more widespread, it is now endangered in the wild.
• Clianthus maximus (glory pea): Also native to New Zealand.

Other names and classifications may be encountered, reflecting past or alternative taxonomies.

Cultivation:

Kakabeak plants are grown for their ornamental value. They prefer well-drained soil and a sunny location. They are relatively frost tender and require protection in colder climates. Propagation is typically done via seeds or cuttings. They are also susceptible to various pests and diseases, requiring vigilant monitoring and management.

Conservation Status:

Due to habitat loss, browsing by introduced pests, and other threats, some species of Clianthus, particularly Clianthus puniceus, are considered threatened or endangered in their native New Zealand. Conservation efforts are underway to protect and restore wild populations.