Clathrus

Clathrus is a genus of fungi in the stinkhorn family, Phallaceae. Members of this genus are characterized by their distinctive lattice-like or cage-like fruiting bodies (basidiocarps). The name "Clathrus" is derived from the Latin word "clathri," meaning "lattice" or "cage," referring to the structure of the mature fungus.

Description:

Clathrus fungi are saprobic, meaning they obtain nutrients from decaying organic matter. The fruiting bodies typically emerge from a partially buried or superficial volva (a remnant of the universal veil that once enclosed the developing fungus). The mature fruiting body consists of a hollow, spherical or ovoid network of arms or branches that form a cage-like structure. These arms are often brightly colored, ranging from red and orange to pink and white.

The inner surfaces of the arms are coated with a gleba, a slimy, foul-smelling spore mass. The strong odor attracts insects, primarily flies, which feed on the gleba and inadvertently disperse the spores. The odor is often described as resembling rotting meat or carrion.

The size of the fruiting body varies depending on the species, but they generally range from a few centimeters to over 20 centimeters in diameter.

Habitat and Distribution:

Clathrus fungi are found in various habitats, including woodlands, gardens, and disturbed areas. They are more common in warmer regions, particularly in tropical and subtropical climates, though some species are also found in temperate zones.

Taxonomy:

Clathrus is a relatively small genus within the Phallaceae family. Several species are recognized, including:

• Clathrus ruber (Lattice Stinkhorn): Perhaps the most well-known species, characterized by its bright red, lattice-like fruiting body.
• Clathrus crispus: Features a more convoluted and irregularly shaped lattice structure.
• Clathrus columnatus (Column Stinkhorn): Consists of several upright columns that are joined at the top.

The taxonomy of Clathrus, like that of many fungal genera, is subject to ongoing research and revision.

Edibility:

Clathrus fungi are generally considered inedible due to their unpleasant odor and taste. While some sources may suggest that immature "egg" stages of certain stinkhorn fungi are edible after thorough preparation, consuming any Clathrus species is not recommended. The potential for gastrointestinal distress or other adverse reactions exists.

Similar Genera:

Several other genera within the Phallaceae family share similarities with Clathrus, including:

• Colus
• Lysurus
• Pseudocolus