Charles Blount (soldier)

Charles Blount (1563 – 1606), 1st Earl of Devonshire, was an English nobleman, soldier, and courtier. He is best known for his military service in Ireland during the Nine Years' War (1594-1603), where he ultimately suppressed the rebellion led by Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone.

Blount was born into a prominent family and served in the Low Countries before becoming involved in Irish affairs. Appointed Lord Deputy of Ireland in 1600, he faced a daunting task: to quell the protracted and costly rebellion that had defied previous English efforts. He adopted a methodical and ruthless strategy, combining military campaigns with scorched-earth tactics aimed at starving the rebels into submission. He systematically destroyed crops and infrastructure in rebel-held territories, weakening Tyrone's support base.

Blount’s military successes included victories at Kinsale (1601) and numerous smaller engagements. He expertly exploited divisions within the Irish ranks and offered pardons and rewards to those who submitted. His leadership and strategic acumen gradually turned the tide of the war in favor of the English crown.

In 1603, Tyrone finally surrendered to Blount at Mellifont Abbey, effectively ending the Nine Years' War. For his service, Blount was created Earl of Devonshire by King James I.

Despite his military achievements, Blount’s personal life was controversial. He had a long-standing affair with Penelope Rich, sister of Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex. Their relationship produced several children. His marriage to Penelope Rich after her divorce from Lord Rich was considered scandalous and defied canon law. It caused considerable outrage in court and led to his brief imprisonment.

Blount died in 1606, shortly after his marriage to Penelope Rich. He remains a significant figure in English and Irish history, remembered for his decisive role in ending the Nine Years’ War, though his legacy is complicated by the ethical questions surrounding his tactics and his personal life.