Chalkware

Chalkware refers to a type of inexpensive plaster figures and ornaments that were popular in the 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly in America and Europe. These objects were often molded and painted to resemble more expensive porcelain or bisque figurines.

The term "chalkware" is somewhat misleading, as the figures are not actually made from chalk. Instead, they are typically composed of plaster of Paris or a similar gypsum-based material. The name likely originates from the chalky or matte appearance of the unglazed plaster, or perhaps from its perceived resemblance to chalk in terms of cost and fragility.

Chalkware was often sold by itinerant peddlers and at fairs or carnivals as prizes. Common subjects included animals, religious figures, patriotic symbols, and portraits. The paint used was typically bright and somewhat crude, contributing to the distinctive folk art aesthetic of these pieces. Due to the fragile nature of plaster and the relatively low perceived value, many original chalkware items have not survived, making them increasingly sought after by collectors today. While antique chalkware is valued, the term can also be applied to more recent reproductions and imitations.

The production of chalkware declined with the rise of mass-produced ceramics and plastics in the mid-20th century, but it continues to be produced on a smaller scale by artisans and hobbyists.