Caliphis

A variant spelling of "Caliph," which is a title signifying a successor or deputy, especially of the Prophet Muhammad. The Caliph was historically considered the supreme religious and political leader of the Muslim community (Ummah). The institution of the Caliphate represents the political-religious system of governance in Islam. The authority of a Caliph was traditionally derived from his position as the leader of the Muslim community and his duty to uphold and implement Islamic law (Sharia). The role and legitimacy of the Caliphate have been subject to varying interpretations and debates throughout Islamic history, particularly in modern times.