Baiji SC

The Baiji SC, also known as the Yangtze River dolphin (Lipotes vexillifer), was a freshwater dolphin endemic to the Yangtze River in China. It was declared functionally extinct in 2007 after an extensive survey failed to find any confirmed individuals.

Historically, the Baiji played a significant role in Chinese culture and folklore. Its graceful movements and relatively docile nature contributed to its revered status. However, rapid industrialization, increased river traffic, overfishing, and habitat degradation severely impacted its population.

Several factors contributed to the Baiji's decline. These include:

• Habitat Loss and Degradation: Dam construction, particularly the Three Gorges Dam, fragmented its habitat and altered water flow. River pollution from industrial and agricultural runoff further deteriorated the environment.

• Overfishing: Depletion of the Baiji's food sources, primarily fish, due to intensive fishing practices significantly impacted its survival.

• Boat Traffic: Collisions with boats and noise pollution from increased vessel activity disrupted their communication and navigation, leading to injury and death.

• Entanglement in Fishing Gear: Baiji were frequently caught and drowned in fishing nets, particularly rolling hooks, a type of fishing gear widely used in the Yangtze.

While there have been unconfirmed sightings reported since the 2007 declaration of functional extinction, no conclusive evidence has emerged to suggest the survival of the Baiji. Conservation efforts, including ex-situ conservation attempts and in-situ habitat protection, proved unsuccessful in preventing the species' demise. The Baiji's extinction serves as a stark reminder of the devastating impact of human activities on vulnerable species and the importance of effective conservation measures.

Further research into the potential for "Lazarus species" discoveries and the long-term monitoring of the Yangtze River ecosystem remain relevant in the context of the Baiji's legacy.