Andryala
Andryala is a genus of flowering plants in the dandelion tribe within the sunflower family (Asteraceae). It is native to Macaronesia, the Mediterranean region, and parts of western and central Europe. These plants are typically annual or perennial herbs, characterized by their basal rosettes of leaves and yellow flower heads composed of ray florets only.
Description:
- Habit: Typically herbs, either annual or perennial.
- Leaves: Primarily in a basal rosette, often toothed or lobed.
- Flower Heads: Yellow, composed entirely of ray florets. Flower heads are usually arranged in corymbs or panicles.
- Fruits: Achenes (dry, single-seeded fruits) often with a pappus (modified calyx) of bristles aiding in wind dispersal.
Distribution and Habitat:
The Andryala genus is found across Macaronesia (Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands), the Mediterranean Basin, and extending into parts of western and central Europe. They commonly grow in dry, rocky habitats, grasslands, and disturbed areas.
Taxonomy:
The genus Andryala has a complex taxonomic history with numerous species described. Some species previously classified within Andryala have been moved to other genera based on phylogenetic studies.
Uses:
While some species may have traditional medicinal uses in certain regions, Andryala species are not widely cultivated or commercially significant. Some may be considered weeds in agricultural settings.
Notable Species:
Examples of species within the Andryala genus include:
- Andryala integrifolia
- Andryala glandulosa
- Andryala dentata