Andrias

Andrias is a genus of very large aquatic salamanders native to Japan and China, often referred to as giant salamanders. It comprises two recognized species: the Japanese giant salamander ( Andrias japonicus) and the Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus). Some research suggests the "Chinese giant salamander" may represent multiple cryptic species.

These salamanders are characterized by their large size, reaching lengths of up to 1.8 meters (5.9 feet) in some individuals, and their flattened bodies with wrinkled skin, which aids in camouflage. They inhabit fast-flowing streams and rivers with cool, oxygen-rich water. They are primarily nocturnal predators, feeding on fish, insects, and amphibians.

Andrias salamanders are long-lived, with some individuals estimated to live for over 50 years in the wild. They play a crucial role in their respective ecosystems as apex predators.

Both species of Andrias are classified as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) due to habitat loss, pollution, over-collection for human consumption and traditional medicine, and introduced species. Conservation efforts are underway in both Japan and China to protect these unique and vulnerable amphibians.