Ak-kalpak

An ak-kalpak (Kyrgyz: ак калпак) is a traditional Kyrgyz headdress worn by men. The ak-kalpak is typically made of white felt or other light-colored material and is characterized by its four panels which taper to a pointed apex. The name translates literally as "white hat," ak meaning "white" and kalpak being the generic term for a Central Asian hat, particularly of felt.

The design and embellishment of the ak-kalpak are culturally significant and can indicate the wearer's age, social status, or regional affiliation. Decorations may include intricate embroidery, often featuring traditional Kyrgyz patterns and motifs. The hat's brim is typically turned up, although variations exist depending on the region and style. The four panels are sometimes understood to represent the four elements: air, water, fire, and earth, while the trim can symbolize the ancestors.

The ak-kalpak holds significant cultural importance in Kyrgyzstan, symbolizing Kyrgyz identity and tradition. Wearing the ak-kalpak is often seen as a sign of respect for Kyrgyz culture and heritage. It is commonly worn during national holidays, festivals, and other important cultural events. It is also a popular souvenir and a symbol of national pride for Kyrgyz people both within Kyrgyzstan and in the diaspora. A law passed in Kyrgyzstan emphasizes the importance of respecting the ak-kalpak and promotes its use and preservation.