Air Force Cross (United States)
The Air Force Cross is the United States Air Force's second highest military decoration for valor. It is awarded to any member of the United States Air Force, or a foreign armed force serving with the U.S. Air Force, who distinguishes themselves by extraordinary heroism in action against an enemy of the United States; while engaged in military operations involving conflict with an opposing foreign force; or while serving with friendly foreign forces engaged in an armed conflict against an opposing armed force in which the United States is not a belligerent party.
The degree of heroism required is lesser than that required for the Medal of Honor, but must be so extraordinary as to set the individual apart from their comrades. Actions for which the Air Force Cross may be awarded typically involve great risk to the recipient's personal safety.
The Air Force Cross was established on July 6, 1960, and is retroactive to December 7, 1941. Prior to its establishment, Air Force personnel were eligible for the Distinguished Service Cross, the Army's second highest award. The Air Force Cross effectively replaced the Distinguished Service Cross for the Air Force. Subsequent awards of the Air Force Cross are denoted by oak leaf clusters affixed to the ribbon.