Xerocoprinus

Xerocoprinus is a genus of fungi in the family Psathyrellaceae. These fungi are generally small, fragile, and short-lived. They are found worldwide, often growing on dung or decaying plant matter.

Description:

• Cap: Typically small, conic to campanulate (bell-shaped), and often plicate (folded or ridged). The surface can be smooth or slightly granular.
• Gills: Thin, closely spaced, and free or adnate (attached to the stem). They often deliquesce (dissolve into an inky fluid) as the mushroom matures, a characteristic shared with other members of the Coprinoid group.
• Stem: Thin, fragile, and often translucent.
• Spores: Dark brown to black in deposit.
• Ecology: Saprobic, meaning they obtain nutrients from decaying organic matter. Many species are coprophilous, growing on dung.

Taxonomy:

The genus Xerocoprinus was established to accommodate species formerly classified within Coprinus that lacked certain characteristics associated with the true ink caps. Distinguishing features include microscopic characters and growth habits. Phylogenetic studies using DNA sequencing have further refined the classification within the Psathyrellaceae, leading to the segregation of Xerocoprinus as a distinct genus. The exact number of species within the genus is subject to ongoing research and revision.

Edibility:

The edibility of Xerocoprinus species is generally unknown and, given their small size and fragile nature, they are not considered worthwhile edibles. Caution is advised, and consumption should be avoided as some species may be poisonous. Proper identification by an expert is essential before consuming any wild mushroom.

Distinguishing Features:

• Habitat on dung or decaying plant matter.
• Small size and fragile stature.
• Plicate cap.
• Deliquescent gills (in some species).
• Microscopic characteristics of the spores and other structures.