William F. Hamilton (physician)

William F. Hamilton (1893-1964) was an American physician and physiologist known for his significant contributions to cardiovascular physiology. He developed the dye dilution method for measuring cardiac output, a crucial technique in understanding heart function and diagnosing cardiovascular diseases.

Hamilton received his M.D. from Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in 1919. After serving in the military, he joined the faculty of the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry in 1923, where he remained for the majority of his career.

His most significant work involved the development of the dye dilution method, initially conceived in the 1920s and refined throughout the 1930s and 1940s. This technique involves injecting a known quantity of dye (usually indocyanine green) into the bloodstream and then measuring its concentration at a downstream point over time. By analyzing the concentration-time curve, the cardiac output (the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute) can be calculated. This method revolutionized the study of cardiovascular physiology and remains a valuable tool in clinical practice.

Beyond cardiac output measurement, Hamilton also made contributions to understanding blood pressure regulation, peripheral circulation, and the physiology of shock. His research advanced knowledge of the circulatory system and provided a foundation for the development of treatments for various cardiovascular disorders.

His work was recognized through numerous awards and honors, solidifying his legacy as a leading figure in American physiology. He is remembered for his rigorous scientific approach and his dedication to advancing the understanding of the cardiovascular system.