Tylos (crustacean)

Tylos is a genus of terrestrial isopods, belonging to the family Tylidae. These crustaceans are commonly known as pill bugs, sea slaters, or roly-polies, although those names often refer to other isopod species as well. They are found in coastal habitats around the world, particularly in the intertidal zone.

Tylos are characterized by their oval-shaped bodies and their ability to roll into a ball when threatened, a behavior known as conglobation. This defensive mechanism helps protect them from predators and desiccation.

They play a crucial role in coastal ecosystems as detritivores, feeding on decaying organic matter such as seaweed and driftwood. This decomposition process helps recycle nutrients back into the environment.

Tylos species exhibit varying adaptations to their terrestrial existence, including specialized respiratory structures to extract oxygen from the air and behavioral adaptations to regulate their water balance in the often-harsh conditions of the intertidal zone. They are generally nocturnal or crepuscular to avoid the heat of the day and reduce water loss.

Reproduction in Tylos involves the female carrying fertilized eggs in a brood pouch located on her underside, a characteristic common among isopods. Once the young hatch, they resemble miniature versions of the adults.