Torne (Finnish and Swedish river)

Torne älv (Swedish) or Tornionjoki (Finnish) is a river in northern Scandinavia, forming part of the border between Sweden and Finland. It flows from the Torneträsk lake in the Swedish province of Lappland, generally northeastwards for approximately 522 kilometres (324 mi), before emptying into the Gulf of Bothnia at the town of Tornio/Torneå.

Geography: The river's source is located in the mountainous region of Swedish Lapland. Its course is characterized by rapids and waterfalls, particularly in its upper reaches. The lower reaches of the river are broader and calmer, creating fertile floodplains. Several significant tributaries join the Torne River along its course.

History: The Torne River has played a significant role in the history of both Sweden and Finland. It has been a crucial transportation route, facilitating trade and communication between the regions. The river also served as a natural border, influencing the political and cultural development of the areas on either side. Settlements have developed along its banks for centuries, benefiting from the river's resources.

Ecology: The Torne River supports a diverse ecosystem, including various species of fish, birds, and mammals. The river and its surrounding areas are important habitats for several migratory species. The river's health and biodiversity are subject to environmental influences, including forestry practices, mining, and climate change.

Economy: Historically and presently, the river has contributed significantly to the economies of the bordering regions. Fishing, forestry, and hydropower generation are key economic activities associated with the Torne River. The river's fertile floodplains are also suitable for agriculture.

Settlements: Several notable towns and villages are situated along the Torne River, including Tornio (Finland) and Haparanda (Sweden), which are twin towns located at the river's mouth. Other settlements are distributed along the length of the river.

See Also: Tornio, Haparanda, Gulf of Bothnia, Swedish Lapland, Finnish Lapland