Thibron (mercenary commander, died 322 BC)

Thibron was a Spartan mercenary commander who lived during the 4th century BC. He is primarily known for his involvement in various conflicts following the death of Alexander the Great.

Thibron initially served as a mercenary in the service of Harpalus, Alexander's treasurer, who fled to Athens with a large sum of money. Following Harpalus's demise and the expulsion of his mercenaries from Athens, Thibron gathered around 1,000 of these discharged soldiers and sailed to Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey).

There, he successfully built up a considerable force and established himself as a prominent figure in the region. He captured several cities and ravaged territories that had been under Persian control, using his army to exert considerable influence. Thibron also sought to challenge the Macedonian power that was emerging in the aftermath of Alexander's death.

However, Thibron's ambition ultimately led to his downfall. He became embroiled in conflict with the Macedonian satrap Asander of Caria. Asander, a capable military leader, eventually defeated Thibron in battle.

In 322 BC, Thibron was captured by Asander and subsequently executed. His career, though relatively short, illustrates the turbulent period of power struggles and military opportunism that characterized the early Diadochi period following Alexander the Great's passing. He exemplifies the role of mercenary commanders in this era, who often played a significant part in the political and military landscape of the Hellenistic world.