Symphony in One Movement (Barber)

The Symphony in One Movement, Op. 9, is a symphonic work by American composer Samuel Barber. Composed in 1935-36, it was originally titled "Symphony No. 1." Barber later withdrew the designation of "No. 1" and it became more commonly known simply as "Symphony in One Movement."

The work is characterized by its unique structure, condensing the traditional four movements of a symphony (typically sonata form, slow movement, scherzo, and finale) into a single, continuous, and evolving movement. While not explicitly dividing into distinct sections with clear pauses, the symphony contains contrasting tempos, textures, and thematic materials that mirror the characteristics of a multi-movement symphony. The work progresses through sections that can be broadly interpreted as an exposition, development, recapitulation, and coda, all seamlessly integrated.

The symphony's musical language is broadly considered neo-romantic, displaying Barber's characteristic lyrical melodies, rich harmonies, and dramatic orchestration. Despite its modernist structure, the music maintains a strong emotional appeal and accessibility. It avoids atonality and other avant-garde techniques prevalent in the music of some of his contemporaries.

The Symphony in One Movement was premiered in Rome in 1937, conducted by Bernardino Molinari. It quickly gained recognition as a significant work in Barber's output and a notable example of American symphonic music. The work is known for its intensity, concision, and effective use of orchestral color. It remains a popular and frequently performed piece in the symphonic repertoire.