Symphony No. 90 (Haydn)

Symphony No. 90 in C major, Hob. I:90, is a symphony composed by Joseph Haydn in 1788. It is one of the six "Paris Symphonies," commissioned by the Comte d'Ogny for the orchestra Concert de la Loge Olympique.

The symphony is scored for 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 bassoons, 2 horns, 2 trumpets, timpani, and strings. It is in four movements:

1. Adagio - Allegro assai: The first movement opens with a slow, stately introduction (Adagio) in C major. This introduction builds anticipation before transitioning into a lively and energetic Allegro assai in the same key. The Allegro is characterized by its spirited melodies and Haydn's typical wit.
2. Andante: The second movement, an Andante in F major, provides a contrasting lyrical and serene character. It is notable for its elegant melody and subtle instrumentation.
3. Menuetto - Trio: The third movement is a traditional minuet and trio. The Menuetto is in C major and maintains a stately dance-like feel. The Trio, in A minor, provides a contrasting, more introspective mood before returning to the Menuetto.
4. Finale: Allegro assai: The fourth movement is a lively and humorous Allegro assai in C major. It is known for its playful character and unexpected pauses, which are a characteristic feature of Haydn's compositional style. This movement is particularly known for its false ending, where the music appears to conclude, only to resume again unexpectedly, showcasing Haydn's musical wit.

Symphony No. 90 is considered a quintessential example of Haydn's symphonic style, demonstrating his mastery of form, orchestration, and melodic invention. It is a popular work in the orchestral repertoire and is frequently performed and recorded.