Songaksan (Jeju)

Songaksan (송악산), also known as 99 Peaks (99봉), is a volcanic cone (oreum) located on the southwestern coast of Jeju Island, South Korea. It is situated within Seogwipo City, Daejeong-eup, Sangmo-ri. Songaksan is a popular tourist destination due to its unique geological features and scenic coastal views.

Geological Formation:

Songaksan is a relatively young volcanic cone, estimated to have been formed during the late Pleistocene epoch. It is a complex volcano composed of multiple craters and cones formed through successive eruptions. The main cone, located in the center, is surrounded by a series of smaller parasitic cones and craters. These craters display layered formations of volcanic ash and scoria. The coastline around Songaksan features distinctive volcanic rock formations, including sea cliffs and tidal platforms. The volcanic soil contributes to the surrounding agricultural landscape.

Historical Significance:

During the Japanese colonial period, Songaksan was used as a military base. Tunnel networks and concrete fortifications remain visible today, serving as reminders of this historical period. These remnants, although controversial, are a significant part of the site's history.

Natural Environment:

The area around Songaksan supports a diverse range of plant and animal life. Coastal vegetation adapted to the salty environment thrives along the shoreline. The area is also a habitat for various bird species, making it a popular spot for birdwatching. Preservation efforts are in place to protect the natural environment of Songaksan.

Tourism and Recreation:

A well-maintained walking trail circles Songaksan, providing visitors with panoramic views of the surrounding coastline, including Gapado and Marado islands. The trail offers opportunities to observe the unique geological features and diverse plant life. Horseback riding is a popular activity in the area. Several restaurants and shops cater to tourists visiting Songaksan.