Side (Caria)

Side was an ancient Greek city located on the southern coast of Asia Minor, specifically in the region historically known as Pamphylia, not Caria, despite the common misattribution. Its ruins are situated near the modern town of Selimiye, Antalya Province, Turkey.

Side was a significant port city known for its maritime trade and strategic location. While geographically distinct from Caria, it experienced periods of influence from various powers that controlled the broader region, which might contribute to the occasional confusion.

Historically, Side was founded in the 7th century BCE by Greek colonists, likely from Cyme in Aeolis. The city quickly developed a distinctive culture, evidenced by its own coinage and dialect, which, while Greek-based, incorporated pre-Greek Anatolian elements.

During the Hellenistic period, Side was subject to the control of the Seleucid Empire and later came under the influence of the Kingdom of Pergamon. In the 2nd century BCE, it became an important base for Cilician pirates. The city eventually fell under Roman rule in the 1st century BCE, becoming part of the Roman province of Pamphylia.

Side flourished under Roman rule, becoming a major commercial center known for its slave trade and naval power. The city boasted impressive infrastructure, including temples, an amphitheater, bathhouses, and an aqueduct.

Christianity gradually gained prominence in Side during the Byzantine era. The city remained an important religious center until it was eventually abandoned in the 10th century CE, likely due to Arab raids and natural disasters.

Today, Side is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors to its well-preserved ruins, including the Temple of Apollo, the theater, and the city walls. Excavations continue to uncover more about the city's rich history. It is important to note again that Side was located in Pamphylia, and the association with Caria is historically inaccurate.