Serenade

A serenade is a musical composition, and/or performance of such a composition, generally performed in the open air at night, especially by a lover under the window of his beloved. The term can also refer more broadly to any piece of music intended to honor or extol someone.

Origins and Characteristics:

The serenade evolved from the evening songs (evening music) of Medieval and Renaissance times, known as serena. These early serenades were typically vocal pieces performed by a single singer accompanying himself on an instrument, often a lute or guitar.

During the Classical period (roughly 1750-1820), the serenade became a more elaborate form, often resembling a light orchestral suite, and intended for purely instrumental performance. Works of this type were often commissioned for special occasions, such as birthdays, weddings, or state visits. They were commonly performed outdoors, in gardens or courtyards, and aimed to provide elegant and entertaining background music. Serenades from this era frequently feature multiple movements, varying in tempo and character, and often include minuet and trio sections. Composers such as Mozart wrote numerous serenades.

Usage Beyond Music:

While primarily associated with music, the term "serenade" can also be used figuratively to describe any attempt to win favor or admiration through charm and persuasion. This metaphorical usage often carries connotations of romantic or flattering behavior.

Related Terms:

• Aubade: A morning song, the opposite of a serenade.
• Nocturne: A musical composition that is inspired by, or evocative of, the night. Though sometimes used interchangeably with serenade, nocturnes tend to be more introspective and emotionally expressive.