Salt of the Earth (1954 film)

Salt of the Earth is a 1954 American drama film written by Michael Wilson, directed by Herbert J. Biberman, and produced by Paul Jarrico. It is notable for its pro-union, pro-feminist perspective, and for the fact that many of those involved in its production were blacklisted in Hollywood due to their alleged communist sympathies.

The film depicts a zinc mine strike in Silver City, New Mexico, led primarily by Mexican-American miners against the "Delaware Zinc Company." It focuses on the issues of unequal pay and dangerous working conditions faced by the miners, as well as the evolving roles of women within the community and the union. Initially, the women are portrayed as subordinate to the men, primarily focused on domestic concerns. However, as the strike progresses and the men are legally barred from picketing, the women take over the picket lines, demonstrating their own strength and commitment to the cause, and challenging traditional gender roles.

The film was highly controversial at the time of its release. Its production was disrupted by protests and government intervention, and it was effectively blacklisted, making it difficult to distribute and screen. The filmmakers faced harassment and threats. Despite these obstacles, Salt of the Earth has since been recognized as a significant work of independent cinema and a powerful statement on labor rights, gender equality, and racial justice. It is now considered a landmark film in the history of American cinema, often shown in film schools and labor history courses. The film stars Rosaura Revueltas, Juan Chacón, and Esperanza Vásquez. The majority of the cast were actual miners and their families from the local community. The film is now in the public domain.