Protaton

The Protaton (Greek: Πρωτάτον) is the administrative body of the monastic community of Mount Athos in Greece. It is composed of representatives from each of the twenty ruling monasteries. Each monastery sends one monk as its representative, and these representatives serve fixed terms.

The Protaton is responsible for the overall governance and administration of Mount Athos, ensuring the adherence to monastic rules and regulations, and overseeing inter-monastery affairs. Its primary seat is located in Karyes, the capital of Mount Athos. The Protaton building houses important documents and archives related to the history and administration of the Holy Mountain.

The authority of the Protaton stems from historical Byzantine imperial decrees (chrysobulls) and later Ottoman firmans, which granted Mount Athos its autonomous status. The First-ranking monastery (the one whose representative currently presides over the Protaton) is determined on a rotating basis amongst the monasteries, typically on an annual cycle. This ranking affects the order of precedence in official events and the responsibility for maintaining certain aspects of governance. The Protos (First-ranking) acts as the head of the Protaton for the duration of their term.

While each monastery maintains its own internal administration and assets, the Protaton acts as the collective voice and governing body for the entire Athonite community in its interactions with the Greek state, the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, and other external entities. Its role is crucial in preserving the unique monastic tradition and autonomy of Mount Athos.