Po (clothing)

Po (Chinese: 袍; pinyin: páo) is a general term for a long, one-piece Chinese garment, typically worn as formal or semi-formal attire. Throughout Chinese history, the term "po" has encompassed a wide variety of robe-like garments worn by both men and women, evolving significantly in style, cut, and ornamentation across different dynasties and social classes.

Historically, the po often featured a closed front, long sleeves, and a floor-length skirt. The style of closure, collar, and sleeves, as well as the specific fabrics and embellishments used, indicated the wearer's status and the garment's purpose. Certain types of po were reserved for the imperial court and government officials, while others were more commonly worn by the general populace. The use of specific colors and embroidered motifs also carried significant symbolic meaning.

The po is distinct from two-piece garments like the ruqun (襦裙), which consists of a separate top and skirt. Though the po has undergone numerous transformations throughout Chinese history, it remains a significant element of traditional Chinese clothing and continues to influence modern designs. Variations of the po can still be seen today, adapted for contemporary fashion and cultural performances. Different types of po include, but are not limited to, the longpao (dragon robe), jifu (auspicious robe), and changpao (a general term for a long robe).