Missile

A missile is a self-propelled guided or unguided weapon system, as opposed to unguided projectiles or artillery shells. Missiles are typically rocket-powered or jet-engine powered, and can be launched from various platforms including ground-based launchers, aircraft, ships, and submarines. They are used to deliver a variety of payloads, most commonly explosives, but also non-lethal payloads or surveillance equipment.

The key characteristic that distinguishes a missile from other projectiles is its self-propelled nature after launch, allowing it to travel considerable distances to reach a target. Guided missiles incorporate control systems and sensors to adjust their trajectory in flight, increasing accuracy and effectiveness. Unguided missiles, also known as rockets, follow a ballistic trajectory determined at launch.

Missiles are classified in various ways, including by launch platform (e.g., air-to-air, surface-to-air, surface-to-surface, air-to-surface, submarine-launched), range (e.g., short-range, medium-range, long-range, intercontinental), and purpose (e.g., anti-tank, anti-ship, anti-aircraft, cruise missile, ballistic missile). The guidance system, or lack thereof, also serves as a primary classifier.

The development and deployment of missiles have significantly impacted warfare, providing increased range, precision, and destructive power compared to traditional weapons. The ongoing development of missile technology includes advancements in propulsion, guidance, and payload delivery systems.