K-factor (aeronautics)

The K-factor, in the context of aeronautics, primarily refers to a correction factor used in calculating the stall speed of an aircraft, particularly when considering the effects of flaps or other high-lift devices. It represents the ratio of the stall speed with flaps (or other high-lift device) deployed to the stall speed without flaps (or in a clean configuration). Therefore, it accounts for the change in the aircraft's lift coefficient at stall due to flap deflection.

The K-factor is typically a value less than 1, indicating that the stall speed is lower with flaps deployed. This is because flaps increase the wing's lift coefficient at a given angle of attack, delaying the stall and allowing the aircraft to fly at a lower speed before stalling.

The use of the K-factor allows pilots and engineers to quickly estimate the stall speed in different configurations without having to recalculate the entire stall speed equation from scratch. It simplifies performance calculations, especially during flight planning and operational procedures.

It is important to note that the specific value of the K-factor is aircraft-specific and is determined through flight testing and engineering analysis. It is typically documented in the aircraft's flight manual or performance charts. The K-factor should not be confused with other uses of the term "K-factor" in other engineering disciplines.