James Mortimer (chess player)

James Mortimer (1833 – 1911) was an American chess player, writer, and playwright who lived most of his life in France. He is primarily remembered for his involvement in the famous Steinitz-Chigorin correspondence chess matches and his colorful, often controversial, personality within the chess world.

Mortimer was born in Richmond, Virginia. He served as a captain in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. After the war, he emigrated to Europe and settled in Paris, where he became a prominent figure in literary and theatrical circles.

In chess, Mortimer was a strong amateur player, although never reaching the level of a professional master. He is best known for acting as the "backer" and advisor for Mikhail Chigorin during his two correspondence matches against Wilhelm Steinitz in the late 19th century. He contributed financially to Chigorin's efforts and also assisted with analysis and strategic planning.

Mortimer also wrote extensively about chess, contributing articles to various publications. He was known for his strong opinions and often engaged in disputes with other prominent chess figures of the time. His flamboyant personality and outspoken nature made him a memorable, albeit somewhat controversial, figure in the history of chess. He is also credited with composing several chess problems.

Despite his significant contributions, Mortimer remains a relatively obscure figure in chess history. He is typically mentioned in connection with Steinitz and Chigorin, rather than being celebrated for his own independent achievements. He died in Paris in 1911.