James Dillon (Fine Gael politician)

James Dillon (1902-1986) was an Irish politician who served as leader of Fine Gael from 1959 to 1965. Born in Dublin, he was the son of John Dillon, a prominent figure in the Irish Parliamentary Party and a supporter of Home Rule.

Dillon was elected to Dáil Éireann (the Irish Parliament) for the first time in 1937, representing Donegal East. He initially ran as an Independent, having left Cumann na nGaedheal (later Fine Gael) in protest over its economic policies, particularly protectionism. He was a vocal advocate for free trade and critical of the government's agricultural policies.

During World War II, Dillon was a strong supporter of neutrality, but he also openly criticised the Axis powers. His outspoken views led to his expulsion from Fine Gael in 1942. He remained in the Dáil as an Independent until rejoining Fine Gael in 1951.

In 1959, Dillon became leader of Fine Gael, succeeding General Richard Mulcahy. While leader, he focused on modernizing the party and broadening its appeal, though he struggled to significantly improve its electoral performance. He resigned as leader in 1965 and was succeeded by Liam Cosgrave.

Dillon served as Minister for Agriculture in the Second Inter-Party Government (1948-1951) and again in the Third Inter-Party Government (1954-1957). As Minister for Agriculture, he implemented significant reforms aimed at improving agricultural productivity and modernizing farming practices. He is particularly remembered for his efforts to combat bovine tuberculosis and his promotion of lime application to improve soil fertility.

After retiring from politics, James Dillon remained a respected figure in Irish public life. He is remembered for his intellectual brilliance, his colourful personality, his commitment to public service, and his strong convictions.