JWH-193

JWH-193 is a synthetic cannabinoid that belongs to the naphthoylindole family. It acts as a potent agonist of the CB1 receptor and CB2 receptor, two G protein-coupled receptors that are the primary molecular targets of the psychoactive component of cannabis, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).

Synthesized by organic chemist John W. Huffman (hence the "JWH" prefix) at Clemson University, JWH-193 was originally created for research purposes to study the cannabinoid receptors and their effects. It is a structural analog of JWH-073, with a 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl group replacing the N-1 butyl substituent.

JWH-193 has been found as an active ingredient in some synthetic cannabis products (often mislabeled as "spice" or "K2"), despite not being approved for human consumption. The use of such products has been associated with adverse health effects, including cardiovascular, neurological, and psychiatric symptoms. The psychoactive effects and potential dangers of JWH-193 are similar to, or potentially greater than, those of natural cannabis due to its higher binding affinity to the cannabinoid receptors.

Due to its potential for abuse and the associated health risks, JWH-193 has been made illegal in many jurisdictions. Its legal status varies globally, with some countries specifically listing it as a controlled substance and others relying on generic legislation that prohibits substances analogous to already-controlled compounds.