Ismene

Ismene is a figure in Greek mythology, most notably known for her role in Sophocles' Theban plays, particularly Antigone. She is the daughter of Oedipus and Jocasta, and sister to Antigone, Eteocles, and Polynices.

In Antigone, Ismene is presented as a foil to her sister. While Antigone is fiercely independent and driven by moral and religious convictions, Ismene is more cautious and obedient to the laws of the state, fearing the consequences of defying Creon’s edict prohibiting the burial of Polynices. She initially refuses to help Antigone bury their brother, citing the dangers involved and the limitations placed upon women. Ismene argues that they are weaker and must obey those in power.

Later in the play, after Antigone is caught burying Polynices, Ismene attempts to share the blame, even though she had initially refused to participate. Antigone rejects this offer, insisting on taking sole responsibility for her actions. Ismene's attempt to join Antigone in death highlights her conflicting loyalties and her growing admiration for her sister's courage.

The character of Ismene embodies the internal conflict between personal conscience and civic duty. She is often interpreted as representing the voice of reason and pragmatism in contrast to Antigone's passionate defiance. Although she initially chooses to obey the law, her eventual willingness to die alongside Antigone suggests a complex moral evolution throughout the play. Her character adds depth and nuance to the themes of justice, loyalty, and gender roles explored in Sophocles' tragedy.

While less prominent than Antigone, Ismene is a crucial figure in understanding the play’s central themes and the contrasting perspectives on morality and obedience. Her hesitancy and fear make her a more relatable figure to some audiences, highlighting the difficulty of standing up to authority, even in the face of injustice.