INSAT-4E

INSAT-4E was an Indian communications satellite launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) as part of the INSAT (Indian National Satellite System) series. This satellite, launched on November 22, 2008, from the Guiana Space Centre, Kourou, French Guiana, by an Ariane 5 launch vehicle, primarily carried 12 Ku-band transponders intended to augment direct-to-home (DTH) television broadcasting services in India.

INSAT-4E provided enhanced coverage and signal strength over the Indian subcontinent. It significantly contributed to the expansion of DTH services offered by various providers, allowing for the broadcasting of numerous television channels and related services to a wider audience.

The mission life of INSAT-4E was planned for approximately 10 years. During its operational lifetime, it played a crucial role in India's broadcasting infrastructure, providing reliable communication links for DTH services. Following the end of its operational life, the satellite was decommissioned according to international guidelines for space debris mitigation.