Grave (crater)

A grave, when used in the context of impact craters, refers to a small, simple bowl-shaped depression formed by the impact of a small object onto a planetary surface. The term is often used informally and is not a formally defined geological or planetary science term. In scientific literature, such features are typically described with more precise terminology such as "simple crater" or classified based on specific morphometric characteristics. The morphology of a grave-like crater is characterized by a relatively pristine, sharp rim, a smooth interior surface, and a depth-to-diameter ratio typical of small impact structures. The formation process involves excavation of the target material by the kinetic energy of the impactor, followed by ejection of debris and potential modification by subsequent processes like slumping or mass wasting, though these are typically minimal in truly "grave"-like craters due to their small size and relative youth. Distinguishing features from other types of depressions, such as volcanic vents or collapse features, would rely on detailed examination of the surrounding geological context, the presence of ejecta blankets, and the overall morphology of the depression.