Gersau

Gersau is a former independent republic and municipality located on the shores of Lake Lucerne in Switzerland. Its territory corresponded to what is now the municipality of Gersau in the Canton of Lucerne. It was one of the smallest independent states in Europe, both in terms of area and population.

History:

Gersau became independent in 1390 after the Habsburgs lost control of the area. The local population purchased their freedom from the Lords of Meggen and became a self-governing republic. Gersau was governed by a Landsgemeinde, an open-air assembly of all voting citizens. It maintained its independence for over 400 years, remaining neutral in Swiss and European conflicts. The republic’s economy was largely based on agriculture, forestry, and later, tourism.

In 1798, the Helvetic Republic was proclaimed in Switzerland, marking the end of the Old Swiss Confederacy. Gersau initially resisted integration but was eventually incorporated into the short-lived canton of Waldstätten. After the collapse of the Helvetic Republic, Gersau regained its independence in 1814.

The independence of Gersau ended voluntarily in 1817 when the citizens of Gersau voted to join the Canton of Lucerne. The decision was motivated by a desire for greater economic and social stability. The integration into Lucerne took effect in 1818.

Geography:

Gersau is situated on the southern shore of Lake Lucerne, nestled between the Rigi mountain and the lake. The landscape is characterized by steep slopes, forests, and picturesque lakeside settlements.

Legacy:

The former independence of Gersau is a unique episode in Swiss history, demonstrating the possibility of small, self-governing communities existing within a larger political landscape. Its history is preserved in local traditions and historical accounts. The term "Republic of Gersau" is still used to refer to the municipality's historical significance.