Freifunk

Freifunk is a non-commercial initiative that aims to establish free, decentralized, and self-organized computer networks, often using wireless mesh networking technology. These networks are typically built and maintained by volunteers, offering free and open internet access to the public.

Core Principles:

• Freedom: Freifunk networks are built on the principles of network neutrality and freedom of information. There are generally no restrictions on the types of content accessed or the services used.
• Decentralization: Freifunk networks are designed to be decentralized, meaning there is no central authority controlling the network. This resilience to single points of failure and censorship.
• Community-Driven: Freifunk initiatives are typically driven by local communities. Volunteers provide the infrastructure, technical expertise, and community support.
• Openness: Freifunk networks utilize open-source software and open hardware where possible. The configuration and operation of the network are often transparent and accessible to the public.

Technology:

Freifunk networks often use modified wireless routers that run specialized firmware. This firmware implements mesh networking protocols, allowing routers to automatically connect and form a resilient network. Common firmware options include alternatives based on OpenWRT. The technology creates a network where each router acts as a node, forwarding traffic to other nodes, effectively extending the network's reach.

Goals:

• Bridging the Digital Divide: Freifunk aims to provide free internet access to underserved communities or areas with limited connectivity.
• Promoting Digital Literacy: By providing open and accessible networks, Freifunk can promote digital literacy and empower individuals to learn and explore the internet.
• Enhancing Communication: Freifunk networks can facilitate communication and collaboration within local communities, especially during emergencies or times of crisis.
• Supporting Innovation: By providing a neutral and open platform, Freifunk can support innovation and experimentation with new technologies and applications.

Geographic Distribution:

Freifunk initiatives can be found in many cities and regions, primarily in Europe, with a strong presence in Germany. The specific implementation and organization of Freifunk networks can vary depending on the local community and available resources.

Legal Considerations:

The operation of Freifunk networks often involves navigating legal issues related to liability for user activities and compliance with local regulations. Freifunk communities typically address these issues by providing disclaimers and educating users about responsible internet usage.