Four walls (filmmaking)

In filmmaking, "four walls" refers to a particular distribution or exhibition agreement. Instead of traditional distribution channels involving studios or established distributors, a filmmaker or production company independently rents a theater or cinema venue. The "four walls" being rented are the physical space of the theater itself.

Under this arrangement, the filmmaker is responsible for all aspects of the film's promotion, marketing, and ticket sales. They essentially operate as the distributor for their own film within that specific venue. This approach offers greater control over the film's exhibition and revenue, but also places a significant financial and logistical burden on the filmmaker.

The profit from ticket sales, after deducting the theater rental costs, goes directly to the filmmaker. Four-walling is often used for independent films, documentaries, or films with niche audiences that may not be attractive to traditional distributors. It can also be a strategy to qualify a film for award consideration or to generate buzz before seeking wider distribution. While offering creative freedom, it carries considerable risk, as success depends heavily on the filmmaker's ability to effectively promote and market their film to attract an audience.