Descriptive Catalogue (1809)
The Descriptive Catalogue of Pictures, Poetical and Historical Inventions, Painted by William Blake, in Water Colours, Being the Ancient Method of Fresco Painting Restored: and Drawings, for Public Admission, Price One Shilling (commonly referred to as Descriptive Catalogue (1809)) is a significant critical and artistic statement by the English poet and artist William Blake. Published in 1809, it served as a catalogue to accompany Blake's one-man exhibition held at his brother James's hosiery shop in Golden Square, London. The exhibition aimed to present Blake's tempera paintings and drawings to a wider audience and to articulate his artistic principles, which diverged significantly from the prevailing academic styles of the time.
The Descriptive Catalogue is more than a simple listing of works; it is a passionate defense of Blake’s artistic vision and a critique of contemporary artistic trends. In it, Blake outlines his theory of art, emphasizing the importance of imagination, visionary experience, and the spiritual dimension. He vehemently rejects the naturalistic and imitative approach favored by artists like Rubens and other members of the Royal Academy.
Notable pieces discussed within the Descriptive Catalogue include Blake's interpretation of Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Pilgrims, which is given particular prominence. Blake uses his description of this painting to expound his views on character and artistic representation, contrasting his own approach with that of Thomas Stothard, who had produced a similar depiction of the Pilgrims.
The Descriptive Catalogue (1809) is considered an important primary source for understanding Blake's artistic and philosophical beliefs. It provides insight into his complex mythology, his views on history and religion, and his commitment to a visionary art that sought to awaken the imagination and challenge conventional perceptions. While the exhibition itself was largely unsuccessful in attracting public attention and critical acclaim, the Descriptive Catalogue has become a cornerstone of Blake scholarship, offering invaluable perspectives on his creative process and intellectual framework.