Degarelix

Degarelix is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist, also known as an LHRH antagonist, used in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. Unlike GnRH agonists, which initially cause a surge in testosterone before lowering levels, degarelix immediately reduces testosterone levels.

Degarelix works by binding to GnRH receptors in the pituitary gland, thereby preventing the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). This, in turn, leads to a decrease in the production of testosterone in the testes.

Degarelix is typically administered as a subcutaneous injection. The primary use is for the treatment of men with advanced prostate cancer for whom testosterone suppression is indicated.

Common side effects associated with degarelix include injection site reactions (pain, redness, swelling), hot flashes, increased weight, and changes in bone density. Less common but more serious side effects can occur.

Degarelix offers an alternative to GnRH agonists and surgical castration for androgen deprivation therapy in prostate cancer. The immediate suppression of testosterone is considered an advantage by some clinicians, as it avoids the initial testosterone surge associated with GnRH agonists, potentially reducing the risk of disease flare.