Cao Shui

Cao Shui (曹植) (192-232 CE), also known as Duke Si of Chen (陳思王), was a prince of the Cao Wei kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. He was the third son of Cao Cao, a prominent warlord who laid the foundation for the Cao Wei state, and Lady Bian.

Cao Shui is best known for his literary talent and is considered one of the most representative poets of the Jian'an poetry (建安詩歌) period. His works are characterized by a passionate and expressive style, often reflecting his political ambitions and frustrations.

Although he was initially favored by his father, Cao Cao, as a potential heir, Cao Shui ultimately lost the succession struggle to his older brother, Cao Pi. After Cao Pi became Emperor Wen of Wei, Cao Shui was subjected to political suppression and lived in relative obscurity, being reassigned to various fiefs throughout his life.

Despite his political setbacks, Cao Shui continued to write prolifically. His most famous works include "Ode to the Luo River Goddess" (洛神賦), a romantic and evocative poem that has inspired countless adaptations in art and literature. Other notable poems include those that lament his unfulfilled ambitions and express his resentment towards his brother's rule.

Cao Shui's legacy extends beyond his individual works. His poetic style and themes significantly influenced subsequent generations of Chinese poets. He is often compared to other prominent poets of his era, such as his father Cao Cao and his brother Cao Pi, and his works are still studied and appreciated for their artistic merit and historical significance.