Botiidae

Botiidae is a family of freshwater fish belonging to the order Cypriniformes (ray-finned fishes). They are commonly known as loaches, specifically botias or botiid loaches, and are native to South and Southeast Asia.

Botiidae are characterized by their elongated, laterally compressed bodies, small barbels around the mouth (typically 3-5 pairs), and a suborbital spine below the eye which can be erected as a defense mechanism. This spine is a key distinguishing feature. Many species have vibrant color patterns and markings, making them popular in the aquarium trade.

Botiid loaches are typically bottom-dwelling fish, often found in fast-flowing rivers and streams. They are omnivorous, feeding on a variety of invertebrates, algae, and detritus. Their barbels are used to detect food items in the substrate.

Several species of Botiidae are threatened due to habitat destruction, overfishing, and collection for the aquarium trade. Conservation efforts are underway to protect these fascinating fish and their natural habitats.