Boloria pales

Boloria pales, also known as the Mountain Fritillary, is a butterfly belonging to the Nymphalidae family. This butterfly species is found across mountainous regions of Europe and Asia, including the Alps, the Pyrenees, Scandinavia, and extending eastward through Russia.

Boloria pales typically inhabits alpine meadows, subalpine grasslands, and rocky slopes. It prefers habitats with abundant nectar sources and the presence of its larval host plants. These host plants primarily consist of various species of violets (Viola spp.).

The adult butterfly exhibits a wingspan ranging from approximately 30 to 40 millimeters. The upperside of the wings is typically a bright orange color with black markings, exhibiting the characteristic fritillary pattern. The underside of the hindwings is marked with distinctive silver spots, which aid in identification.

The life cycle of Boloria pales involves a single generation per year (univoltine). Eggs are laid on or near the host plant. The larvae feed on the violet leaves and overwinter as partially grown caterpillars. Pupation occurs in the spring, and adults emerge in the summer months.

The conservation status of Boloria pales varies depending on the specific region. Habitat loss and climate change are considered potential threats to some populations. Conservation efforts may include habitat management and monitoring of population trends.