Bastille

The Bastille was a medieval fortress and prison in Paris, France. Originally constructed in the 14th century as a fortified gate protecting Paris from English attacks during the Hundred Years' War, it was later converted into a state prison by the 17th century. Under the Bourbon monarchy, it became a symbol of royal authority and arbitrary justice, as individuals could be imprisoned there by lettre de cachet (royal warrant) without trial.

While often portrayed as overflowing with political prisoners, in reality, the number of inmates at the Bastille was usually relatively small, often consisting of common criminals, individuals accused of sedition or libel, and those deemed troublesome to the crown. Its strategic importance diminished over time, but its symbolic significance as a representation of royal oppression grew.

The storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789, by a mob of Parisians seeking arms and gunpowder, marked a turning point in the French Revolution. Although only a handful of prisoners were actually incarcerated at the time, the event represented a direct challenge to the authority of Louis XVI and triggered a wave of revolutionary fervor throughout France.

Following the storming, the Bastille was quickly dismantled, and the site later became the Place de la Bastille, a public square commemorating the revolution. The event is celebrated annually on July 14th as Bastille Day, a national holiday in France. The Bastille remains a powerful symbol of liberty, revolution, and the overthrow of tyranny.