Aventin

Aventin (Latin: Aventinus) refers to one of the Seven Hills of Rome. It is the southernmost of Rome's original seven hills, located southwest of the Palatine Hill and overlooking the Tiber River.

Geography and Topography: The Aventine Hill is divided into two distinct summits: the Greater Aventine (Aventinus Maior) and the Lesser Aventine (Aventinus Minor). These two elevations are separated by a saddle. Its position made it strategically important throughout Rome's history.

History: In Roman mythology, the Aventine was the site where Remus, brother of Romulus, attempted to found his own city, only to be killed by Romulus. Unlike the other hills, which were associated with the founding of the city and patrician families, the Aventine was traditionally associated with the plebeians (commoners) and became a centre for their political activities. During the Roman Republic, it was the site of several important temples and public buildings connected to the plebs, including the Temple of Ceres, Liber and Libera, which served as a centre for plebeian religious and political life.

Significance: The Aventine's association with the plebs led to it becoming a symbol of their struggle for political rights. The hill played a crucial role in the Conflict of the Orders, a series of political struggles between the patricians and plebeians that shaped the development of Roman political institutions.

Modern Aventine: Today, the Aventine is a relatively quiet and residential area of Rome. It is known for its beautiful gardens, churches, and the Knights of Malta Keyhole, which offers a unique framed view of St. Peter's Basilica. Notable landmarks include the Basilica di Santa Sabina, the Priorato dei Cavalieri di Malta, and the Parco Savello (also known as the Orange Garden).