Aryabhata (satellite)

Aryabhata was India's first artificial satellite. It was named after the renowned Indian astronomer and mathematician of the 5th century AD, Aryabhata. Designed and fabricated entirely in India, it was launched on April 19, 1975, from Kapustin Yar, a Soviet rocket launch site, using a Soviet-made Kosmos-3M launch vehicle.

The primary objective of Aryabhata was to conduct experiments in X-ray astronomy, solar physics, and aeronomy. The satellite carried scientific instruments for these purposes. Its purpose was primarily scientific research and technological development, serving as a crucial stepping stone for the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in building expertise in satellite technology.

Though designed for a six-month lifespan, the satellite ceased functioning after only five days due to a power failure. Despite this, the data collected during its brief operational period proved valuable. Aryabhata marked a significant milestone in India's space program and remains an enduring symbol of the country's early endeavors in space exploration. The experience gained from the Aryabhata mission was instrumental in the development of future Indian satellites.