(620094) 2016 AJ193
(620094) 2016 AJ193 is a trans-Neptunian object (TNO), specifically a detached object, discovered on January 14, 2016, by the Pan-STARRS 1 survey. It is notable for its highly eccentric and inclined orbit, placing it well beyond the Kuiper Belt for a significant portion of its revolution around the Sun.
Detached objects are characterized by their large perihelion distances, typically greater than 40 AU (astronomical units), which separates them from the gravitational influence of Neptune. This separation raises questions about their origin, as they cannot easily be explained by simple scattering from the giant planets. Proposed mechanisms for their origin include gravitational perturbations from a distant, undiscovered planet (Planet Nine), stellar encounters, or past gravitational interactions within the early Solar System.
The orbital parameters of (620094) 2016 AJ193 include a semi-major axis of approximately 84 AU, an eccentricity of around 0.54, and an inclination of about 24 degrees with respect to the ecliptic. Its perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) is approximately 39 AU, and its aphelion (farthest distance from the Sun) reaches out to roughly 129 AU. The object's orbit is highly eccentric, meaning it spends a considerable amount of time at its aphelion distance.
The physical characteristics of (620094) 2016 AJ193, such as its size, albedo (reflectivity), and composition, are not well-established due to its faintness and distance. Further observations and analysis are required to determine its size and surface properties with greater accuracy. Like other TNOs, it is likely composed of a mixture of rock, ice, and organic compounds.
The discovery and continued study of objects like (620094) 2016 AJ193 are crucial for understanding the formation and evolution of the outer Solar System, and for testing various models of planet formation and orbital dynamics. Its detached orbit provides valuable constraints on theories about the early Solar System and the potential presence of unseen perturbers.