Zayanes

The Zayanes (also spelled Zaianes, Zayan, or in Berber: Aẓayyan) are a Berber tribal confederation inhabiting the Middle Atlas Mountains of Morocco, primarily in the Khenifra region. They are known for their fiercely independent spirit and resistance to foreign rule, particularly during the French colonization of Morocco in the early 20th century.

The Zayanes speak a dialect of Tamazight (Berber language) and are traditionally pastoral nomads, relying on livestock raising and seasonal agriculture. They are organized into smaller tribal units, each with its own chieftain or notable figures.

The Zayanes played a significant role in Moroccan history, especially during the period of French protectorate. Their resistance, led by Mouha ou Hammou Zayani, proved to be a major challenge to French control for several years. The Battle of El Herri in 1914, where the Zayanes inflicted a heavy defeat on the French army, remains a notable event in Moroccan resistance history.

Following Moroccan independence, the Zayanes have been integrated into the modern state, while retaining their cultural identity and traditions. The Khenifra region remains a stronghold of Zayane culture and language. Their history of resistance and cultural distinctiveness continues to be a source of pride for the Zayane people.