Varalé

Varalé is a term primarily found in the Istro-Romanian dialect of the Romanian language, specifically referring to summer pastures or grazing lands located at higher altitudes in mountainous regions. These pastures are typically used for grazing livestock during the summer months after the snow has melted and the vegetation has flourished. The term is deeply connected to the traditional transhumance practices of Istro-Romanians, involving the seasonal movement of livestock between lowland winter pastures and highland summer pastures. The economic and social life of Istro-Romanian communities historically revolved around this practice, with varale being a crucial component of their agricultural system. Usage of the term is localized to the Istro-Romanian speaking regions, specifically in areas where traditional livestock raising is still practiced.

The availability and quality of varale significantly impacted the prosperity of families and the larger community. Access rights to these pastures were often governed by complex customary laws and traditions. Over time, changes in land ownership and agricultural practices have led to a decline in traditional transhumance, and with it, a decrease in the active use and common understanding of the word varale. Despite this decline, the term retains cultural significance, representing a connection to the historical roots and practices of the Istro-Romanian people. It also appears in ethnographic and linguistic studies related to the Istro-Romanian language and culture.