Thomas Monro (art collector)

Thomas Monro (1759-1833) was a British physician and art collector, known particularly for his significant influence on the development of British watercolour painting. He served as Physician to Bridewell and Bethlem Hospitals, positions that afforded him both social standing and financial security, allowing him to pursue his artistic interests and patronage.

Monro is most remembered for the informal academy he ran at his home in Adelphi Terrace and later at Bushey, Hertfordshire. Young artists, including J.M.W. Turner and Thomas Girtin, were invited to copy drawings from Monro's extensive collection, often for a modest fee. This practice provided crucial experience and exposure to the techniques of established artists, notably John Robert Cozens and Thomas Hearne. It is believed Monro had a profound impact on these young artists, particularly in their understanding of atmospheric perspective and the effective use of wash techniques in watercolour.

Monro's collection encompassed a wide range of works, primarily consisting of drawings and watercolours by both British and foreign artists. He possessed a keen eye for talent and was an early supporter of artists who later achieved considerable fame. His collection served not only as a source of inspiration for the artists he mentored but also as a valuable resource for the study of landscape art in general.

Beyond his role as a collector and mentor, Monro was also a skilled amateur artist himself. While not pursuing art professionally, he produced drawings and watercolours that reflected the influence of the artists he admired. He was a member of the informal sketching society known as the "Brothers," which further fostered his artistic development.

Thomas Monro’s legacy resides not only in his personal collection but also in the formative influence he exerted on a generation of British watercolour painters, contributing significantly to the golden age of British watercolour art.